Functions of behavior.
What Is the behavior communicating.
In ABA, behavior often serves a purpose: to escape or avoid something, gain attention, access something wanted, or meet a sensory need. When we understand what happens before and after a behavior, we can better support meaningful change and teach new skills.
Escape/Avoidance
Escape or avoidance behaviors help us get away from something we find unpleasant, difficult, or uncomfortable. The relief we feel afterward makes us more likely to respond the same way the next time.
Example:
I wait for the next elevator so I don't have to ride with someone who makes me uncomfortable.
Attention
Sometimes, we behave in certain ways to gain another person's attention. Attention can be positive or negative, and because we are social beings, seeking attention is a normal part of life.
Examples:
I go above and beyond at work to earn recognition and praise from my boss.
Your child tells jokes to make friends laugh and join in the fun.
Access
Sometimes, we behave in certain ways to get something we want or enjoy. This could be a favorite item, activity, food, or experience.
Examples:
I cook dinner because I want something to eat.
I drive to Starbucks because I want a cup of coffee.
Sensory/Automatic
Sometimes, we behave in certain ways because the behavior itself feels good, calming, or enjoyable. The behavior doesn't depend on another person or getting something—it is reinforcing on its own.
Examples:
I dance and sing because it makes me feel happy.
I exercise because it makes me feel strong.
I meditate because it helps me feel calm.
Your child taps their foot because it helps relieve boredom or anxiety.